Calculating machine



Dec. 18, 1945. A. B. MACHADO CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 3, 19.44 5 Sheets-Sheva?l 1 l. l mui@ ATTORNEY Dec. 18, 1945. A. B. MACHADO CALCULATING MACHINEI Filed April 5, 1944 5 Sheets-Sl'xee'cl 2 INVENTOR N rma/v y B. Wpc/noo TORNEYy Dec. 18, 1945. A. B. MACHADO CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 3, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 ImH-H-Hfumm INVENTOR ANTA/amy B mace/wo ATTORNEY Dec. 1 8, 1945. A. B. MACHADO 2,391,098

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed AprilfS, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEY.

Dec. 18, 1945. A. B. MACHADO CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 3, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 L E4T WM M M.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 18, 1945 CALCULATING MACHINE Anthony B. Machado, San Leandro, Calif., licsilnor to Friden Calculating Machine Co., Inc., a corporation of California Application April 3, 1944, Serial No. 529,332

2 Claims. (Cl. 23S-75) This invention relates to calculating machines.

The invention is disclosed herein as embodied in a calculating machine of the type disclosed to C. M. F. Friden No. 2,229,889 which issued January 28, 1941, and for a disclosure of a complete machine, reference is to be hadrto said patent. In machines of this type, the registration of values in the accumulator is effected by uni-directional cyclic drive of the actuating means and by selective control of a reversible transmission mechanism which determines whether the registration is positive or negative. The drive is controlled by a clutch of the pawl and ratchet type, which is under the control of plus and minus keys. These keys also control adjustment of the transmission mechanism.

In machines of the type referred to, a number of different means has been employed to prevent accidental or deliberate misoperation of the plus and minus keys tp cause engagement Iof the clutch without maintaining the reversing gear engaged. This sometimes resultedfrom a quick, light touch on the plus or minus key. One means for preventing this misoperation which has been tried consists in the use of spring latches. Friden Patent 2,279,455 shows a spring latch 116 (Fig. 5) for latching a depressed key 101 or 102. This latch Was used in conjunction with a latch means shown in Friden Patent 2,310,280, which comprised the latches 241, 245 (Fig. 6) which latched the slide 234 in either ad.- ditive or subtractive adjustment. Another means which was employed consisted of a lock for the plus-minus gate which was set by rotation of an actuator shaft. This type is shown in Friden Patent 2,229,889 (Fig. 13), lever 466 being rocked by the cam 463 on the drive shaitto engage the tooth 469 in the serrations 475 to 477. Moody Patent 2,279,481 shows a pin 24 (Fig. 4) mounted on the plus-minus gate which cooperates with a notched disc 22 on an actuator shaft. These latter means which depend on independent timing of the setting of the gate and the operation of the actuator sometimes led to diiculty in that it was possible to quickly depress the plusor In accordance with appllcants invention, a

`diierent approach to the problem has been made Vminus key and release the gate before the actuator shaft had time to start turning and lock it in position.

controlled by a cyclically-driven drive part for maintaining the transmission mechanism in its adjusted position throughout each cycle.

Another object of the invention is to eiect the above result through the intermediary of the depressed operation key which is thereby locked down during the cycle.

A further object of the invention is to eiiect the above results in connection with a clutch control means Whlchmay be adjusted for single or plural cycle operation.

Other objects will appear after the following disclosure.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a vertical longitudinal section through the machine showing one order of the keyboard, accumulator, and the actuating and reversing means therefor.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the machine to show the plus and minus keys, the clutch and control therefor.

Fig. 3 is a plan View of the parts shown in Fig. 2 with the plus and minus keys in section.

Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section through the machine showing the mechanism disclosed in Fig. 2 as it appears from the other side.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the levers operated by the plus and minus keys.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 8-6 in Fig. 4.

Figs. 7 and 8 show the positions of the clutch control parts during operation with the clutch control adjusted for plural cycle operation.

Figs. 9 to 11 show the positions of the clutch control parts during a cycle when the clutch control is adjusted for single cycle operation.

Referring to Fig. 1, the values set in the keyboard 20 are entered into the accumulator 2| by means of the uni-directional cyclic-drive shaft 22 which drives the actuating mechanism 23. The sign of the registration is controlled by a reversible transmission mechanism 24 which is normally retained in the neutral position shown in Fig. 1 and comprises, in each order, a pair of bevel gears connected by a sleeve 25 slidable on the shaft 26 and a bevel vgear 2l on the shaft 28 of the numeral wheel 29.

By shifting the sleeve 25 and its bevel gears forwardly or rearwardly on the shaft 26, one or the other of the bevel gears is engaged with the bevel gear 21 to thereby establish a driving connection from the actuator 23 to the accumulator 2| and to determine whether the registration shall be positive or negative. The means for shifting the reversing gear comprises a slide 30 (Fig. 2) being shown at 32. A similar slot is provided in the left side frame (not shown). The slide 30 is thus confined to translatory movement in a direction parallel to the shafts 26., To move the slide 30 a pair of similar arms, one of which is shown at 33 (Fig. 2) are secured'to a transversely extending shaft 3d. The upper ends of these arms are operatively connected to the slide 3d. As shown in Fig. 3, the arm 33 has a stud 25 engaging in a notch in the end of the slide 3d. Therefore, oscillation of the shaft 3B results in movement of the slide 30 to adjust the reversing gear.

The reversing gear is normally held in its neutral position, shown in Fig. 1, by means of a centralizer 40 which comprises a pair of springpressed arms 4i, 42 engaging a pin d3 in an arm 44 secured to the shaft 34. v

The shaft 34 is rocked one way or the other from its neutral position upon depression of either the plus .key 5U or the minus key 5l in order to adjust thel reversing gear 2d in accordance with the-sign of the key depressed to cause positive or negative registration in the accumulator. In Fig. 2 the plus key c@ is shown in its depressed position. The key has a, pin 52 which,

vupon depression of the key, engages a cam face 53 on an arm 563 secured to a shaft 55 so that depression of the key 50 causes the shaft 55 to be rocked clockwise as shown in Fig. 2. The minus key 5l when depressed causes the shaft 55 to be rocked counterclockwise. This is effected vby means of a pin 56 on the key which is adapted to engage a cam face 51 on the arm 5d. The shaft 55 (Fig. 4) has an arm 5t secured thereto which is pivotally connected at 59 to a link 50. The rear end of the link 60 is pivotally connected by means of the stud 35 (Fig. 2) t0 the arm 33. By this means rocking of shaft 55 causes rocking of shaft 34 so that depression of the plus key 5B, for example, results in rearward movement of the slide 30 to engage the reversing gear 24 for positive registration. It is to be noted that as long as either key 50 or key 5l is in depressed position, the slide 30 will be maintained either forwardly or rearwardly of its neutral position to hold the selected gear on the sleeve 25 in mesh with the connection with the shaft 16. The control lever 80 has a spring 64 (Fig. 4) which tends .to rotate the lever clockwise to clutch disengaging position.

The means for operating the clutch control lever will now be described. The plus and minus keys 50 and 5l (Fig. 2) are provided with pins 85 and 86 which are normally positioned above the open ends of inclined slots 31, es in an arm 89 secured to a, rock shaft 90. Adjacent the arm BajFigs. 3 and 5), a lever 9i is secured to the shaft d. Depression of either key 5d or 5l will result in rocking the lever counterclockwise as shown in Fig. 4.

Depression of either key causes closing of a switch in the motor circuit. The lever 9| (Fig. 5) has a slot 82 in its lower end engaging a Pin 93 on a lever 92 provided with a pinf 95 for closing the contacts 9S (Fig. 4).

To operate the clutch control lever to cause engagement of the clutch upon depression of either key,'the upper.` end of lever Si has pivotally mounted thereon at Si a pair of levers 98, 99 (Figs. 2 to 4). The lever 92 has a link lll (Fig. 4) pivotally connected to the forward end thereof. The forward end of the link ido has a slot IUI embracing a pin |02 on a control lever |03 pivotally mounted at I. A spring IUS is provided to urge the link i forwardly which results in urging the lever 99 counterclockwise on its pivot 9i and also in urging the lever 9| clockwise. The

' control lever H03 can be adjusted to either an up or a down position for plural cycle or single cycle operations as will become evident.

'I'he rear end of the lever 99 has a notch 05 (Fig. 7) formed therein which, in the up position of the control lever M3 shown in Fig. 7, embraces a pin ici on the clutch control lever 8@ so that upon depression of either the plus or the minus key, for example the plus key as shown in Fig. 8,

4o the control lever d@ is rocked clockwise to rebevel gear 2'! and that upon return of a depressed Y key to raised position, the reversing gear will be restored to its neutral position by the centralizer 130.

Depression of either key 5@ or 5l also causes engagement o f the clutch l0 (Fig. 2) as will now be explained.. The motor 'll (Fig. 1) is connected to a pinion l2 (Fig. 2) which, through an intermediate gear 13, drives a gear 'i6 which is connected to the ratchet wheel l5 of the clutch. The ratchet wheel 'l5 is rotatable on the driven shaft 16. lThe driven side ofthe clutch comprises a plate 11 (Fig.4) connected to the shaft 16 and provided with a pawl 'i8 pivoted thereon at 19. The pawl 8 (Fig. 2) is spring urged into engagement with the ratchet wheel 'l5 and is restrained from engaging the ratchet wheel by a control lever 80 (Fig. '7) pivoted at '8l and having a nose 82 which engages the shoulder 83 on the pawl 18. Upon clockwise movement of the lever 8d from the position shownin Fig. 7 to the position shown in Fig. 8, the pawl i@ is released to engage the ratchet wheel'15 and thus establish a driving lease the pawl 'F3 to cause engagement of the clutch. This is the plural cycle position of the lever B03 in that as long as the key is held depressed, the lever 99 holds the clutch control lever rocked out of the path of the pawl 'le so that the clutch remains engaged for a number of cycles or as long as the key is held depressed.

In accordance with the invention means are provided to maintain the reversing gear engaged to cause registration as long as the plus or minus key is depressed and the clutch is engaged. For this purpose the clutch l@ is provided with a cam |08 (Fig. 7) attached to the driven side which has a depression |09 to receive a roller Hd on the lever 80 when the clutch is disengaged. Upon movement of the driven side of the clutch out of full cycle position the high part l ll of the cam w8, which is an arc about the axis of shaft I6 as a center. moves under the roller 'l l0 to maintain the lever @d rocked out during the cycle even though the plus 0r minus key is released by the operator. The lever 99 has a hook-like depending portion H2 (Fig. 8) adjacent the notch m6 against which the pin I bears to maintain the lever 99 in its rear position during the major part of the cycle and at least as long as the registration portionof the cycle so that the shaft 9@ is maintained in its rocked position holding the lever 89 rocked rearwardly. Holding the lever 39 rearwardly locks the depressed plus or minus key down; for example, in Fig. 8 it will be noted that the pin of the plus key 50 is at the bottom of the slot 87 and due to the inclination of the slot, the key is prevented from rising, pressure being applied to the pin by the side of the slot as indicated by the arrow ||3. Furthermore, the

other key is locked up by a portion ||4 of the lever 89 being maintained under the pin 8B on the key 5|. When the minus key 5| is depressed, the parts operate in a similar manner to lock the minus key down and prevent depression of the plus key.

Referring to Fig. 2 it will be recalled that thev plus and minus keys cause rocking of the lever 54 which causes rocking ofthe shaft 34 to position the reversing gear. Therefore, as long as either key is held depressed, the reversing gear will be maintained in drive transmitting position. In this manner the reversing gear is locked in its adjusted position throughout the maior portion of each cycle to insure complete registration of the value set in the keyboard, this cyclic locking being controlled by the cam |08 on the clutch.

When the lever |03 is adjusted to its down position (Fig. 9), the link |00 is moved rearwardly to rock the lever 99 counterclockwise and to lift the notch |06 off the pin |01. The rear end of the lever 99 has a cam face ||5 which, in the down position of the control lever |03, is positioned opposite a ledge H6 secured to the frame plate 3| (see Fig. 3). Upon depression of either the plus or minus key, rearward movement of the lever 99 results in camming the rear end of lever 99 upwardly so that the rear end of the lever is supported on the ledge ||6 as shown in Fig. 10.

Referringto Fig. 4 it will be recalled that a second lever 98 is pivoted at 91 on the lever 9|. The forward end of this lever is urged downwardly by a spring ||1. At the rear end oi.' the lever a notch 3 (Fig. 9) is provided which engages the pin |01 on the clutch control lever 80 so that with the control lever |03 in its down position,

depression of either the plus or minus key will result in moving the lever 98 rearwardly to cause rocking of the clutch control lever.80 to effect engagement of the clutch. In order to limit rotation of the 'clutch to a single cycle, means are provided to cause the notch ||8 to be disengaged from the pin |01 after the clutch has been engaged. For this purpose the lever 98 has a cam face 9 which engages a stud |20 secured to a frame plate |2| (Fig. 3) so that upon rearward movement of the lever 98, as shown in Fig. l0. the rear end of the lever is cammed downwardly to .release the lever 80. However, the calm |08 maintains the clutch control lever 80 rocked out during the cvcle as explained before and the pin |01, as shown in Fig. 10. is maintained against the hook ||2 on the lever 99 so that the reversing gear is maintained engaged during the cycle to insure registration. When the clutch approaches its full cycle position (Fig. 11) at the conclusion of one cycle. the lever 80 is free to rock counterclockwise and disengage the clutch thereby limiting the operation to a single cycle even though thel key is held down.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, actuating means therefor. transmission mechanism to control actuation of said accumulator -by said actuating means, means tending to adiust said transmission mechanism to neutral, means movable to adjust said transmission mechanism to cause registration in said accumulator upon operation of said actuating means, drive t means for said actuating means including a cyclic clutch and a control therefor normally occupying a clutch disengaging position and movable to a clutch engaging position, an operation key, means actuated by depression of said key for moving said movable means to adj-ust said transmission mechanism, means actuated by depression of said key and including two members for moving said clutch control to clutch engaging position, means for disengaging one of said members from said clutch control after said clutch control has been moved to clutch engaging position, said other member being adjustable to two positions, said other member being capable of moving said clutch control to clutch engaging position in one of said positions but being incapable of moving said clutch control in the other position, means controlled by said drive means to retain said clutch control in clutch engaging position when saidv drive means is out of full cycle position, cooperating means on said clutch control and said other member to enable said clutch control to retain said other member in actuated position in both its adjusted positions, and cooperating means on said key and said clutch control moving .means to enable said clutch control moving means to retainsaid key in depressed position whereby in both single cycle and plural cycle operations said transmission mechanism is retainedin registering adjustment as long assaid clutch remains engaged.

2. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, actuating means therefor, a reversible transmission mechanism to control actuation of said accumulator by saidactuating means, means tending to adjust said transmission mechanism to neutral, a control for said transmission mechanism adjustable to cause additive or subtractive registration in said accumulator upon operation of said actuating means, drive means for said actuating means including a cyclic clutch and a control lever therefor normally occupying a clutch disengaging position and movable to a clutch engaging position, plus and minus keys, means actuated by said keys to selectively adjust said transmission control, a lever common to both keys having pin and slot connections with each, said connections being arranged so that depression of either key will rock said lever and so that as long as said lever remains rocked the depressed key is held down thereby, -means actuated by said lever for moving said clutch control lever to clutch engaging position including two members adapted to engage said control lever, means for automatically disengaging one of said members from said clutch control lever after said clutch control lever has been moved to clutch engaging Position, the other of said members being adjustable to two positions, said other member. being capable of moving said clutch control lever 'in one position and being incapable of moving said lever in the other position, means controlled by said drive means to retain said control lever in clutch engaging position when said drive means is out of full cycle position, a portion of said other member being engaged by said clutch control lever whenever said clutch control lever is in clutch engaging position whereby a depressed key is held down as long as the clutch control lever is in clutch engaging position.

ANTHONY B. MACH 

